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Worming & Vaccination

The Importance of a Sound Vaccination Program

Vaccination is a term with which every horse owner is familiar.  Moreover, many do not realize the importance of a well-planned vaccination program for horses.  A vaccination program, designed by a veterinarian, will help ensure the horses in a stable stay healthy and productive.  An effective and successful vaccination program against infectious diseases is an essential component and key management tool for any horse operation wishing to institute a preventative medicine program.  Horses, just like people, are constantly exposed to bacterial and viral organisms.  Many of these can cause mild to debilitating diseases.  This risk is especially significant when horses are shipped to tracks, farms, or other stables.  The more a horse is away from his home environment and mingled with other horses, the greater the chance of exposure to potential carriers of infectious diseases.  This is particularly true of respiratory diseases.  Infectious disease control programs, in conjunction with vaccination, are important in maximizing the health, productivity, and performance of a horse.  A veterinarian can help design a health program to reduce exposure to infectious disease agents in a horse’s environment to lessen the incidence of illness.  Disease control programs should be tailored to individual needs, with consideration given to ages, types, activities, and number of horses in the program.  The schedule below is a suggested vaccination schedule provided by the American Association of Equine Practitioners, and is based on generally accepted veterinary practices.

Recommended Equine Vaccination Schedule

Disease/

Vaccine

Foals/

Weanlings

Yearlings

Performance

Horses

Pleasure

Horses

Broodmares

Tetnus Toxoid

1st dose:  3-4 mos.

2nd dose:  4-5 mos.

Annual

Annual

Annual

Annual, 4-6 wks. Prefoaling

Encephalomyelitis

(VEE, EEE, WEE)

1st dose:  3-4 mos.

2nd dose:  4-5 mos.

Annual

Spring

Annual

Spring

Annual

Spring

Annual, 4-6 wks. Prefoaling

Influenza

1st dose:  3-6 mos.

2nd dose:  4-7 mos.

3rd dose:  5-8 mos.

Repeat at 3 mo. Intervals

Every 3 mos.

Every 3 mos.

Biannual with added boosters prior to likely exposure

At least biannual with one booster timed 4-6 weeks prefoaling

Rhinopneumonitis

(EHV-1 & EHV-4)

1st dose:  3-4 mos.

2nd dose:  4-5 mos.

3rd dose:  5-6 mos.

Repeat at 3 mo. Intervals

Every 3 mos.

Every 3 mos.

Optional:

Biannual if elected

5th, 7th, 9th mo. Of gestation (inactivated EHV-1 vaccine)

Strangles

(Strep, equi)

1st dose:  8-12 wks.

2nd dose: 11-15 wks.

3rd dose: 14-18 wks.

4th dose:  weaning (6-8 mos.)

Biannual

Optional:

Biannual if risk high

Optional:

Biannual if risk high

Biannual with one dose timed 4-6 wk prefoaling

Botulism, Potomac Horse Fever (PHF), Rabies & Rotavirus

These diseases are endemic; consult a veterinarian for use in specific areas.

Note:  This information was provided by the American Association of Equine Practitioners and should be used as a basis in discussing specific needs with a veterinarian.  His or her recommendations will be based on a variety of factors, including age, sex, type of horse, and geographic location.  He or she will have insight into the diseases endemic to a region and the likelihood of disease outbreaks at specific times of year.  Please pay special attention to the safety indications regarding vaccinations for pregnant mares.


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